Sunday, 22 March 2015

UGONJWA WA RHEUMATISM

                                                          UGONJWA WA RHEUMATISM




RHEUMATISM(UGONJWA WA BARIDI)
·        Huwa inaathiri viungo na misuli inayozunguka viungo.wakati mwingine mgonjwa huwa anatokewa na uvimbe mdogo mdogo kama (sugu) kwenye miguu au mikono
·        Magonjwa yatokanayo na ugonjwa baridi ni arthritis,gout(ulaji wa nyama ya mbuzi)spondilitis na rheumatic diseases
DALILI
·        Utaona viungo vimevimba mfano magoti,miguu,wakati mwingine utasikia maumivu makali kwenye viungo halafu viungo vinakuwa vyekundu na pia misuli inavuta ukiona hali hii ujue kuwa kinga ya mwilini imezidiwa sehemu za viungo.
·        Ugonjwa wa baridi huwa unaathiri(joint fluid)ute wa viungo yaani arthritis halafu hii joint fluid inapoisha husababisha viungo kusagana na maumivu makali huwa yanatokea hata ugonjwa wa muda mrefu unaweza ukamaliza ute mwilini.
MAGONJWA YA BARIDI NI KAMA YAFUATAYO:
·        Ankylosing spondylitis:-huu ni ugonjwa ambao unaathiri watu wengi na unashika sehemu za uti wa mgongo uti wa mgongo unauma na kuvuta,huwa inatokea sana kwa vijana ambao wana umri wa miaka 20 na kuendelea.Huwa inashika pia sehemu za kiuno,magoti, mabega na kusababisha maumivu makali kwenye misuli na pia mgongo huwa unakakamaa na kusababisha kuzimia wakati mwingine maana unashika uti wa mgongo.
·        Fibromyalgia:-ni maumivu ambayo yanaathiri sehemu za misuli ya mwili mzima.Nyama za mwili huwa zinauma,ukigusa sehemu inauma na huwa inasababisha ukosefu wa usingizi.inawatokea sana kwa wanawake kuliko wanaume.
·        Gout:-huwa inatokana na ongezeko la uric acid kwenye figo, ukila nyama za mbuzi za kuchoma bila kunywa maji mengi,inaweza ikaongeza uric acid kwenye figo na kuleta athari kwenye magoti na miguu kuvimba.huwa inatokea sana kwa wanaume kuliko wanawake.
·        Infectious arthritis:ni ugonjwa wa baridi ambao unasababishwa na  maambukizi ya bacteria au virus(unaitwa lyme disease)ambao unatokana  na kung’atwa na kupe ambao wanakuwa wamebeba bacteria maalum ambao wanaingia kwenye viungo na misuli na kusababisha  maummivu na uvimbe.
·        Juvenile idiopathic arthritis:-huwa inatokea kwa watoto wadogo na huwa inasababisha maumivu makali,kuvimba miguu,wakati mwingine watoto wanashindwa kutembea.Huwa inaambatana na homa kali na upele mwekundu unaouma sana.
·        Lupus:huu ni ugonjwa wa baridi ambao unaathiri kinga ya  mwilini yaani seli na nyama za mwili na kuharibu viungo vyote vya mwili.
·        Osteoarthritis:ni ugonjwa wa baridi ambao unaharibu mifupa na misuli na kusababisha maumivu makali hadi wengine wanakuwa vilema.
·        Polymyalgia rheumatica:ni ugonjwa mkubwa ambao unaathiri  mishipa ya ateri (arteries)mishipa hii inaweza kuvimba  na kusababisha maumivu makali kwenye misuli,kichwa kuuma,uzito kupungua ghafla, homa  kali na kuchoka sana.wakati mwingine maumivu kiunoni shingoni,mabega na miguuni.Maumivu haya yanatokana na  kuharibiwa kwa misuli,nyama za mwili na viungo.
·        Psoriatic arthritis;ni ugonjwa wa baridi ambao unaathiri  watu ambao ni walemavu wa ngozi(psoriasis)huu ugonjwa unaathiri  viungo vya vidole vya miguu na mikono na pia kucha na vidole huwa zinabadilika rangi.
·        Reactive arthritis:-huu ni ugonjwa  wa baridi ambao huwa unaathiri magoti kibofu cha mkojo na viungo vingine. Wagonjwa wa jinsi hii wanapata maumivu makali kwenye ngozi, kuwashwa ngozi na kuwa nyekundu, vidonda mdomoni na maumivu ya macho.
·        Rheumatoid arthritis; huwa inaonekana kama gout kwa sababu inaathiri magoti na nyama za miguu na kusababisha mwili kukakamaa upande wa mgongo.   
Sclerodoma; mwili huwa unazalisha collagen nyingi sana kwenye ngozi, material ambayo inashikilia ngozi na viungo. Ugonjwa huu unasababisha collagen yaani kuwa ngumu au kuota sugu itokanayo nakuvimba kwa mishipa ya damu sehemu za viungo.

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